White House Eyes Greenland for Rare Earths While Nevada Holds Untapped Deposits
Rare earth elements are grabbing headlines as President Trump seeks U.S. access to Greenland’s 1.5 million metric tons of mineral deposits, while a prior deal grants America stakes in Ukraine’s critical minerals to offset aid amid Russia’s invasion. Rare earth elements include 17 metals that are used to power electric vehicles, wind turbines, smartphones, and defense systems—and Nevada holds significant deposits.
China dominates global rare earth production and reserves. In 2024, it mined 270,000 metric tons (about 69% of world output) and holds 44 million metric tons in reserves. Brazil ranks second with 21 million metric tons in reserves, followed by India at 6.9 million, while many others have substantial reserves but limited production.
Nevada holds rare earth element deposits, primarily in the southern region, as confirmed by Nevada Mining Association reports and geological studies. No active rare earth element mining occurs in the state. Lithium projects like Thacker Pass (Humboldt County) show associated rare earth element potential in clay deposits, with research highlighting sedimentary systems including nearby Bonnie Claire, a major lithium exploration project in Sarcobatus Valley.
The nearest producing rare earth element mine is Mountain Pass in California, about 53 miles southwest of Las Vegas near the Nevada border, supplying a major share of global output with ongoing expansions.
Increased mining of rare earth elements in Nevada would boost the tax base via the Net Proceeds of Minerals Tax (up to 5% on net proceeds, split between state and counties), property taxes on facilities, and sales taxes from operations and jobs, potentially adding millions annually similar to current mining contributions.
